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New public listing. Open the original source for the full discussion.

Everyone talks about MTHFR. But what if that is only one piece of the puzzle? MTHFR helps process folate, while MTR helps recycle homocysteine back into methionine with the help of vitamin B12. Two genes. Different roles. One interco

A flavonoid present in onions, apples and other plant foods.

Is part of proteins involved in thyroid hormone metabolism and antioxidant defense.

Needed for nerve function, DNA production and healthy red blood cells.

Supports DNA synthesis and one-carbon metabolism, including the pathway that processes homocysteine.

The genetic-architecture chapter explains that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) donates methyl groups and becomes S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH).

Encodes diamine oxidase, an enzyme involved in breaking down histamine and other amines. DAO is used here as an enzyme nickname; it is also the official symbol of a different gene.

BHMT helps recycle homocysteine into methionine using betaine. It is a different route from the folate and B12 pathway.

CBS helps move homocysteine into the pathway that supplies building blocks for glutathione.

CD14 helps immune cells recognize microbial components, including bacterial lipopolysaccharide, as part of innate immune signaling. This places it upstream of some cytokine responses.

CHDH helps convert choline toward betaine, a nutrient involved in the homocysteine pathway.