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Gene referenceSep 23, 2026
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…inflammation, host defense and regulation of cell survival. Its name should not be read as proof that a TNF result indicates cancer. Also called: Tumor Necrosis Factor TNF is an immune signal with many contexts TNF encodes tumor necrosis fa…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026
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ESR1 encodes estrogen receptor alpha, which helps cells respond to estrogen. Receptor signaling is different from the amount of estrogen measured in blood. Also called: Estrogen Receptor 1 Estrogen signaling depends on the receptor ESR1 enc…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026
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FOLR1 encodes folate receptor alpha, which helps cells take up folate and has an important role in folate transport at the brain’s barriers. Blood folate and folate availability in the nervous system are not identical measurements. Also cal…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026
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NR3C2 encodes the mineralocorticoid receptor, which responds to hormones such as aldosterone and helps regulate salt and fluid balance. It is distinct from the NR3C1 glucocorticoid receptor. Also called: Mineralocorticoid Receptor / Nuclear…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026
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TNFRSF10A encodes death receptor 4, or DR4, a receptor that can receive the TRAIL signal and participate in regulated cell-death pathways. TRAIL itself is encoded by TNFSF10. Also called: DR4 receives the TRAIL signal TNFRSF10A encodes dea…

Gene referenceSep 17, 2026
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…PARD is the gene name for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Delta. Learn what a specific result could mean and what to ask about it. Also called: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Delta Start here PPARD is the gene name fo…

Report teachingAug 16, 2026
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Explore interleukin-1 alpha, alarmins, epithelial tissues, cellular injury, and its comparison with IL-1 beta.

Report teachingAug 16, 2026
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Explore sIL2R, sCD25, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, T-cell activation, and sarcoidosis. Understand the connection Soluble IL-2 receptor, or sIL2R, is a released part of the CD25 receptor and is also called sCD25. Its level can reflect T-…

Report teachingSep 16, 2026
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…teaching. Understand the connection TNF-alpha is an immune messenger involved in defense, inflammation, and cell signaling. Its effects include interactions with immune cells and the cells that line tissues and blood vessels. Follow the p…

Report teachingAug 16, 2026
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…ing, and autoimmunity. Understand the connection CD40 is a receptor involved in communication between immune cells. Its partner, CD40L, helps activated T cells communicate with B cells and other cells that present material to the immune sy…

Report teachingAug 16, 2026
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…iagnosis matter when considering therapies aimed at IL-5 or its receptor. Bring these questions to your visit Ask which result is being discussed: a genetic variant, a measured protein level, or a diagnosed condition. How does it fit with …

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