Encyclopedia

FOLR2 encodes folate receptor beta, a folate-binding protein expressed in particular cell types, including subsets of immune cells. It is distinct from the FOLR1 receptor and the SLC19A1 reduced folate carrier.

FUT2 affects substances on the surfaces of the gut and other moist tissues and is studied in relation to the microbiome.

GAD1 helps your body make GABA, a chemical messenger, from glutamate.

GAD2 helps make GABA, a chemical messenger, from glutamate.

GCLC helps make glutathione, an antioxidant your body produces.

GCLM helps regulate one of the steps your body uses to make glutathione.

GDF5 encodes growth differentiation factor 5, a signaling protein involved in skeletal development, joint formation and cartilage biology. Its name does not mean a SNP measures the ability to build muscle.

GGH encodes gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, which removes glutamate residues from folate compounds. This affects folate handling and helps explain why folate metabolism includes retention and processing as well as intake.

GPX1 helps cells use glutathione to handle peroxides.

GPX3 helps use glutathione in peroxide defense outside cells.

GPX4 helps protect cell membranes from certain peroxides.

GSR encodes glutathione reductase. It uses reducing power from NADPH to help convert oxidized glutathione back to reduced glutathione, allowing this antioxidant system to be reused.