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CD14 helps immune cells recognize microbial components, including bacterial lipopolysaccharide, as part of innate immune signaling. This places it upstream of some cytokine responses.

FOLR1 encodes folate receptor alpha, which helps cells take up folate and has an important role in folate transport at the brain’s barriers. Blood folate and folate availability in the nervous system are not identical measurements.

FOLR2 encodes folate receptor beta, a folate-binding protein expressed in particular cell types, including subsets of immune cells. It is distinct from the FOLR1 receptor and the SLC19A1 reduced folate carrier.

GDF5 encodes growth differentiation factor 5, a signaling protein involved in skeletal development, joint formation and cartilage biology. Its name does not mean a SNP measures the ability to build muscle.

HFE helps regulate iron absorption through signaling that influences hepcidin. The commonly discussed C282Y and H63D variants correspond to rs1800562 and rs1799945. Their implications depend on the combination present and clinical findings.

HRH1 is the gene name for Histamine Receptor H1. Learn what a specific result could mean and what to ask about it.

KIT encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that responds to stem cell factor. It participates in blood-cell development and mast-cell biology, making the exact variant and testing context especially important.

NR3C1 encodes the glucocorticoid receptor, which helps tissues respond to cortisol and glucocorticoid medicines. Receptor genetics and measured cortisol levels answer different questions.

NTRK2 encodes TrkB, a receptor involved in responding to neurotrophic signals such as BDNF. These signals support nervous-system function and plasticity. NTRK2 is not a phosphatidylserine absorption transporter.

PTGS2, commonly called COX-2, encodes an enzyme involved in prostaglandin production. Prostaglandins participate in pain, fever and inflammatory signaling.

TNF encodes tumor necrosis factor, an immune-signaling protein involved in inflammation, host defense and regulation of cell survival. Its name should not be read as proof that a TNF result indicates cancer.

VDR encodes the vitamin D receptor, which helps regulate gene activity in response to active vitamin D. A receptor variant does not by itself mean receptors are absent or that the blood vitamin D level is low.