Encyclopedia

A molecule made from glutamate, cysteine and glycine that participates in cellular redox balance.

An amino acid used in protein synthesis and other metabolic processes.

Is used to make coenzyme A, important in energy and fat metabolism.

An amino acid used in protein synthesis and other metabolic processes.

A family of enzymes made by the body that convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide.

Needed for nerve function, DNA production and healthy red blood cells.

Forms enzyme helpers used in energy metabolism.

Supports amino-acid metabolism, neurotransmitter production and hemoglobin synthesis.

Supports DNA synthesis and one-carbon metabolism, including the pathway that processes homocysteine.

ADIPOQ encodes adiponectin, a hormone released by fat tissue that participates in insulin sensitivity and fat metabolism. Its name often appears in discussions of triglycerides, body composition and metabolic health.

The genetic-architecture chapter explains that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) donates methyl groups and becomes S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH).

Encodes diamine oxidase, an enzyme involved in breaking down histamine and other amines. DAO is used here as an enzyme nickname; it is also the official symbol of a different gene.