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Lichen planus can affect skin, mouth, nails, and other surfaces.

This variant is in a regulatory region of the TNF gene.

This TNF promoter variant appears in Dr. Purser’s discussion of inflammatory signaling.

This inflammatory condition affects the esophagus.

Dr. Purser discusses interleukins and oxidative stress in cystic fibrosis lung disease.

FOLR2 encodes folate receptor beta, a folate-binding protein expressed in particular cell types, including subsets of immune cells. It is distinct from the FOLR1 receptor and the SLC19A1 reduced folate carrier.

HLA-DQA1 contributes to an HLA-DQ protein that presents antigen fragments to CD4 T cells. HLA-DQ function depends on pairing with an HLA-DQB chain, so an isolated marker is not a complete HLA type.

HLA-DQA2 is part of the HLA class II region involved in immune recognition. It should not be treated as interchangeable with HLA-DQA1 or as a measurement of how well the immune system fights infections.

KIT encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that responds to stem cell factor. It participates in blood-cell development and mast-cell biology, making the exact variant and testing context especially important.

VDR encodes the vitamin D receptor, which helps regulate gene activity in response to active vitamin D. A receptor variant does not by itself mean receptors are absent or that the blood vitamin D level is low.

C3 is the gene name for Complement C3. Learn what a specific result could mean and what to ask about it.

CCR3 is the gene name for C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 3. Learn what a specific result could mean and what to ask about it.