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Follow Dr. Purser’s discussion of folate metabolism and inflammation.

This TNF promoter variant appears in Dr. Purser’s discussion of inflammatory signaling.

Membranous nephropathy affects the kidney’s filtering units.

What if mold exposure is only part of the story? Two people can share the same environment and have completely different experiences. Why? The answer may involve far more than the mold itself. Glutathione is one of the body's major anti

The genetic-architecture chapter explains that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) donates methyl groups and becomes S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH).

FOLR1 encodes folate receptor alpha, which helps cells take up folate and has an important role in folate transport at the brain’s barriers. Blood folate and folate availability in the nervous system are not identical measurements.

GSTO1 belongs to the omega family of glutathione S-transferases. These enzymes participate in redox chemistry, with roles that differ from the better-known GSTM1 and GSTP1 pathways.

PSEN1 encodes a presenilin protein that participates in gamma-secretase, a protein-processing complex. Some pathogenic variants can cause familial Alzheimer’s disease; a listed common marker is not equivalent to that diagnosis.

PSEN2 encodes a presenilin protein that participates in gamma-secretase, a protein-processing complex. Some pathogenic variants can cause familial Alzheimer’s disease; a listed common marker is not equivalent to that diagnosis.

SOD1 helps convert superoxide inside cells as part of the body’s antioxidant defenses.

SOD2 works in mitochondria as part of the body’s antioxidant defenses.

SOD3 works outside cells as part of the body’s antioxidant defenses.