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THE PURSER WELLNESS REFERENCE

Understand your lab vocabulary.

205 approved laboratory references. Explore the exact ranges, units and context from Dr. Purser’s adult baseline.

15 entries

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

24-hour urine protein — lab reference

Collection completeness must be assessed.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Blood/hemoglobin, urine — lab reference

Confirm with microscopy; exercise, menstruation, myoglobin, and hemolysis may interfere.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Glucose, urine — lab reference

Renal threshold, SGLT2 inhibitors, pregnancy, and hyperglycemia matter.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Hyaline casts — lab reference

Small numbers may be nonspecific; other cast types require context.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Ketones, urine — lab reference

Fasting, ketogenic diet, vomiting, and diabetes context matter.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Leukocyte esterase — lab reference

Interpret with microscopy, symptoms, nitrite, and culture.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Nitrite — lab reference

A negative result does not exclude UTI.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Protein, dipstick — lab reference

Dipstick is albumin-biased. Confirm persistent findings with quantitative ratio.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

RBC, microscopy — lab reference

Persistent microscopic hematuria requires risk-based evaluation.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Specific gravity — lab reference

Hydration and concentrating ability affect result.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Urine albumin/creatinine ratio — lab reference

A1 <30; A2 30-300; A3 >300. Persistence ≥3 months matters for CKD classification.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Urine appearance — lab reference

Color and clarity are nonspecific; review medications, hydration, and sediment.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Urine pH — lab reference

Diet, infection, medications, and specimen age affect result.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

Urine protein/creatinine ratio — lab reference

Use laboratory and indication-specific thresholds; consider timed collection when needed.

Urinalysis and Urine Kidney Markers

WBC, microscopy — lab reference

Interpret with symptoms, culture, contamination, and other sediment findings.

These pages adapt the Purser educational materials into plain language. They are educational summaries, not individualized assessments or a claim of independent medical review.